The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

September 2018
Simulation and characterization of the bulk refractive index sensitivity of coupled plasmonic nanostructures with the enhancement factor
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): Attila Bony

September 2018
Modulating electro-absorption coefficient of impurity doped quantum dots driven by noise
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): Sk. Md. Arif, Anuja Ghosh, Aindrila Bera, Manas Ghosh

Present study carries out an extensive inspection of the profiles of electro-absorption coefficient (EAC) of doped GaAs quantum dot (QD) under the control of Gaussian white noise. A large number of important physical parameters has been varied over a range and the consequent changes in the EAC profiles have been thoroughly scrutinized. The said physical parameters comprise of electric field, magnetic field, confinement potential, dopant location, dopant potential, noise strength, aluminium concentration (only for Al x Ga 1

September 2018
Plasmonic nanostructures with waveguiding effect
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): Jarom

September 2018
Surface plasmon-induced transparency in a cut wire-coupled graphene split ring resonator
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): Buzheng Wei, Shuisheng Jian

In this paper, a cut wire (CW)-coupled, orthogonally distributed graphene split ring (GSR) resonator is proposed to realize the optical analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the mid-infrared regime. The dipolar surface-induced bright mode resonance of the GSR interferes constructively or destructively with the dark modes, which develops a rather pronounced transparency window in the absorption profile. This transparency is mainly attributed to the superposition of the interference effect, thus providing an alternative way of mimicking EIT in the classical optical field. The polarization of the incident beam and the position where the CW is located play significant roles in resonance modulation. The resonant wavelength and the bandwidth of the transparency window can be tuned by changing the geometrical parameters or the optical properties of graphene. The proposed device is sensitive to the substrate index and the corresponding resonant wavelength shift can be applied to detect this change; furthermore, ultra slow light with group index of over 992 is realised within the transparency window. These results may find potential use in optical sensors and switches.

September 2018
Tandem organic dye-sensitized solar cells: Looking for higher performance and durability
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): Mozhgan Hosseinnezhad, Alireza Shadman, Babak Rezaee, Yousef Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza Saeb

High-performance dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are the result of state-of-the-art blend of knowledge and experience; but finding accurate sensitizers from one side and explicit demonstration of the effects of material parameters on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from the other side are direct challenges to the manufacture of DSSCs. Tandem DSSCs (T-DSSCs) is a young member of such family which allows one to attain higher power conversion efficiencies (PCE), but complications beyond T-DSSC manufacture has urged researchers to make use of Edisonian approach. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Desirability Function (DF) approaches are used to optimize T-DSSCs manufacture. Thickness of TiO2 layer, time required for TiCl4 treatment, and the concentration of anti-aggregation agent are explanatory variables changed to manufacture T-DSSCs with optimized photocurrent (Jsc), photovoltage (Voc) and Durability. The concentration of anti-aggregation agent was the key factor in attaining high-performance T-DSSCs. By the combined use of RSM and DF and through multi-objective optimization, it was found that under anti-aggregation agent concentration of 0.012

September 2018
Light polarization in active photonic waveguides of porous silicon
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): Salvador Escobar, Roc

September 2018
Realization of a multichannel drop filter using an ISO-centric all-circular photonic crystal ring resonator
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): Alireza Tavousi, Hamid Heidarzadeh

Here, by using a square-lattice-type photonic crystal (PhC) and an ISO-centric all-circular ring resonator (RR), a high efficiency in-plane multichannel drop filter (MCDF) is realized. By conducting full-spectrum transmission studies on available tuning parameters such as RR radius, RR refractive index, PhC lattice high and low refractive indices, and PhC lattice constant, the transmission behavior of each parameter is found in terms of blue or red shift wavelength dependencies. The single unit of the PhC-based filter is optimized to work at a desired optical wavelength (e.g.,

September 2018
Quadratic magnetooptic spectroscopy setup based on photoelastic light modulation
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): Robin Silber, Michaela Tom

July 2018
Visible frequency plasmonic perfect absorber made of a thin metal layer containing cylindrical grooves
Publication date: September 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 31 Author(s): P. Mandal

In this communication, a visible frequency plasmonic perfect absorber (PPA) made of a thin metal layer (gold and aluminum) with an array of cylindrical grooves is demonstrated and studied numerically using the finite difference time domain solver. A novel design concept is used to achieve perfect absorption at tunable wavelengths between 400 and 1000

July 2018
Editorial Board
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30

July 2018
An enhanced effective mode area fluorine doped octagonal photonic crystal fiber with extremely low loss
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): Sumaiya Kabir, S. M. Abdur Razzak

In our paper an enhanced effective mode area octagonal photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is presented. This PCF ensures large effective mode area along with ultra-low confinement loss and bending loss. Both the elimination of air-holes from the rings near the core region and inclusion of low index fluorine doped silica rods in an octagonal pattern are the vital design features. We have used full vectorial finite element method (FEM) based software with circularly perfectly matched layer (PML) to simulate the guiding properties of PCF. Our proposed fiber achieves effective mode area of 1110

July 2018
Resolving the multipolar scattering modes of a submicron particle using parametric indirect microscopic imaging
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): Kaleem Ullah, Xuefeng Liu, Alex Krasnok, Muhammad Habib, Li Song, Braulio Garcia-Camara

In this work, we show the spatial distribution of the scattered electromagnetic field of dielectric particles by using a new super-resolution method based on polarization modulation. Applying this technique, we were able to resolve the multipolar distribution of a Cu2O particle with a radius of 450

July 2018
A novel photonic crystal ring resonator configuration for add/drop filtering
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): Juan Zhang, Hao Liu, Yipeng Ding, Yang Wang

A novel compact photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR) configuration is proposed to realize high-efficiency waveguided add-drop filtering. Its wavelength selection and dropping-direction exchange functions are demonstrated numerically. The working mechanism of this nested dual-loop resonant cavity structure is analyzed in detail.

July 2018
The orderly nano array of truncated octahedra Cu2O nanocrystals with the enhancement of visible light photocatalytic activity
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): Xiaofeng Wei, Jiaqi Pan, Jie Mei, Yingying Zheng, Can Cui, Chaorong Li

The orderly nano array is able to improve the light utilization efficiency and has been thought to be a promising way for advancing photocatalysis. The orderly nano array of truncated octahedra Cu2O nanocrystals have been successfully fabricated by the facile solution-based one-step reduction and self-assembly method. The results of XRD, SEM and TEM indicate that the Cu2O nano array is successfully assembled on the Si substrate. The photocatalytic activity of the Cu2O orderly nano array is investigated under visible light irradiation, and it is demonstrated to be signi

July 2018
State transition control of emitter chain coupled to surface plasmon polariton
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): M. Bayat, M.J. Karimi, M. Hosseini

In this paper, the behavior of the coupled emitters inside a monochromatic laser field is investigated. The Hamiltonian of the system is obtained using the tensor product of the single emitter Hamiltonian and adding the interaction terms. The population of the states for each emitter is calculated by numerical solving of the time dependent Schrodinger equation. The results show that the transition occurs at a resonance frequency for any values of laser intensity. Also, the resonance frequency depends on the coupling strength of the system. Furthermore, the transition probability increases with increasing the laser intensity at each laser frequency and coupling strength.

July 2018
Elastic dependence of defect modes in one-dimensional photonic crystals with a cholesteric elastomer slab
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): Carlos G. Avendan

July 2018
Plasmon modes supported by left-handed material slab waveguide with conducting interfaces
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): Sofyan A. Taya

Theoretical analysis of left-handed material core layer waveguide in the presence of interface free charge layers is presented. The thickness of the interface charge layer can be neglected compared with the incident wavelength. The tangential component of the magnetic field is no longer continuous due to the conducting interfaces. The non-homogeneous boundary conditions are solved and the corresponding dispersion relation is found. The dispersion properties are studied. The proposed structure is found to support even as well as odd plasmon modes. Moreover, the structure shows abnormal dispersion property of decreasing the effective index with the increase of the frequency which means negative group velocity.

July 2018
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July 2018
Titanium nitride nanoparticles as an alternative platform for plasmonic waveguides in the visible and telecommunication wavelength ranges
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): V.I. Zakomirnyi, I.L. Rasskazov, V.S. Gerasimov, A.E. Ershov, S.P. Polyutov, S.V. Karpov, H.

July 2018
Optical dynamic range maximization for humidity sensing by controlling growth of zinc oxide nanorods
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): Haziezol Helmi Mohd Yusof, Sulaiman Wadi Harun, Kaharudin Dimyati, Tanujjal Bora, Waleed S. Mohammed, Joydeep Dutta

An experimental study of the dynamic range maximization with Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanorods coated glass substrates for humidity and vapor sensing is reported. Growth time of the nanorods and the length of the coated segments were controlled to study the differences between a reference environmental condition (normal humidity or dry condition) and water vapor concentrations. In order to achieve long dynamic range of detection with respect to nanorods coverage, several substrates with triangular patterns of ZnO nanostructures were fabricated by selective hydrothermal growth over different durations of time (5

July 2018
Structural and luminescent properties of a NaYF4-aerogel composite
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): Ashraf M. Alattar, Matthew Drexler, Wesam A.A. Twej, Faisal M. Alamgir

Upconversion materials, capable of energy-shifting light, have direct application in devices where the tunability of the optical spectrum can result in higher performance. Due to the low transparency of upconversion nanomaterials, it is beneficial to disperse them in a medium with a low optical attenuation coefficient in order to allow light to reach and increase the contributions from each individual particle. Silica aerogels, with their high transparency and open porosity, are ideal media for the dispersion of the nanomaterials throughout a volume. NaYF4–based nanocrystals with differing dopants were incorporated into silica xerogels and aerogels to observe the effect of the composites on the properties of each. It was observed that, while the average surface area of the aerogel decreased in the composite, the shape and phase of the nanocrystals were preserved during xerogel processing. The luminescence of the nanoparticles increased upon incorporation into the xerogel composites. By accounting for effects emerging from collection geometry and the composite morphology, it is argued that the increase in the composite luminescent intensity is due to the nanoparticles being shielded from quenching effects by the silica matrix.

Graphical abstract

July 2018
In situ spectroscopic ellipsometry study of low-temperature epitaxial silicon growth
Publication date: July 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 30 Author(s): L. Halaga

Available online 23 June 2018
A low loss semi H-shaped negative refractive index metamaterial at 4.725

Available online 21 June 2018
A study of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensor with improved sensitivity
Publication date: Available online 23 June 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications Author(s): Angad S. Kushwaha, Anil Kumar, Rajeev Kumar, S.K. Srivastava

In the present study, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensor with SF-10 glass prism/zinc oxide/gold/MoS2/graphene hybrid structure is reported. The angular interrogation method is used for the reflectance spectra analysis. From the spectral analysis, we study the different performance parameters like sensitivity, detection accuracy, quality parameter and electric field intensity enhancement factor (EFIEF) of the proposed SPR based biosensor. Numerical results show that the base ZnO (zinc oxide) layer which have a large real value of the dielectric constant in combination with gold, MoS2 and graphene, is responsible for enhancing the sensing performance of the proposed SPR based biosensor. The present biosensor can attain a maximum sensitivity (101.58 deg/RIU), detection accuracy (1.81) and quality parameter (15.11 RIU^-1) for a large dynamic range of refractive index change from 1.33 to 1.45.

Available online 21 June 2018
Optical Shaping of Surface Metal Microstructures via Nondiffracting Beam Controlled Atomic Deposition
Publication date: Available online 21 June 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications Author(s): Rafael Drampyan, Anahit Badalyan, Marina Derdzyan, Nikita Leonov, Tigran Vartanyan

The first experimental realization of the non-diffracting Bessel beam technique for micro-structuring of thin rubidium metallic films on the sapphire surface is reported. Rubidium atoms were deposited onto the cool sapphire windows from the heated central region of the evacuated cell under simultaneous illumination by a Bessel beam at 532

Available online 21 June 2018
Design of MO-SPR sensor element with photonic crystal
Publication date: Available online 21 June 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications Author(s): P. Otipka, J. Vl

Available online 19 June 2018
Influence of Titanium Tetrachloride Concentration and Multiple Growth Cycles of TiO2 Nanorod on Photoanode Performance in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
Publication date: Available online 21 June 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications Author(s): Selma M.H. Al-Jawad, Odai N. Salman, Nwar A. Yousif

Single crystalline rutile TiO2 nanorod arrays (NRAs) have been grown on fluorine doped tin oxide (F: SnO2) coated glass substrate by using hydrothermal technique. The influence of precursor concentration on the morphological, structural, optical and electrical properties of TiO2 nanorods (NRs) was studied. X-ray diffraction studies show that the TiO2 NRs are highly oriented with respect to the substrate surface. FESEM measurements of TiO2 films display that the length of the rods are ranged from (1.54 to 2.44) µm. The transmittance, absorption coefficient, and energy gap at different precursor concentration were measured and calculated. Results show that rods length decreased the transmittance and energy gap, whereas it increased the absorption coefficient. The electrical measurements of TiO2 exhibit the effect of rods length on the resistivity of single crystalline rutile TiO2 nanorod array. The sample with optimum precursor concentration and with 2.44

Available online 18 June 2018
Basics of Optical Engineering – Analysis of Environmental and Quantum Size Effects on the Optical Characteristics of Molecular Crystalline Nanofilms
Publication date: Available online 19 June 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications Author(s): Ana J.

Available online 26 May 2018
Optical coupling characteristics between a circular defect resonator and a waveguide in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab
Publication date: Available online 18 June 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications Author(s): Yuji Miyamoto, Yifan Xiong, Tomoyuki Okada, Masato Morifuji, Hirotake Kajii, Masahiko Kondow

To develop a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) device using a photonic crystal (PC), we investigate coupling strength between a circular cavity resonator and a waveguide with various structural parameters. In the WDM device, light signals with various wavelengths generated in different cavity resonators travel through a single waveguide. Careful tuning of the cavity-waveguide coupling is necessary for practical operations, since the light signals must have the same intensities in the waveguide. Carrying out three-dimensional finite-differential time-domain (FDTD) calculations along with photonic bands, we search for the optimum structure for the WDM.

Available online 16 May 2018
Photocatalytic rendition of Zn2+-doped Bi2O3 nanoparticles
Publication date: Available online 26 May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications Author(s): G. VIRUTHAGIRI, KANNAN P., N. SHANMUGAM

The present work analyzes the photocatalytic activity of Bi2O3 in the pure and Zn²⁺-doped forms in the degradation of the organic dye methylene blue (MB) under solar light irradiation. For this study, nanoparticles of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and different levels of Zn²⁺-doped Bi2O3 were prepared by a simple chemical precipitation method. The phase form of Bi2O3 is confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The optical properties of the samples were studied by UV-Vis-Diffuse Reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The morphologies of the products were visualized under a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The degradation profile reveals that Bi2O3 doped with the optimum level of zinc is known to have an excellent catalytic activity owing to the electron trapping–detrapping process of the solar cell.

May 2018
Infrared photodetectors based on graphene metal nano clusters
Publication date: Available online 16 May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications Author(s): Mahdi Rahmanshahi, Saeed Golmohammadi, Hamed Baghban, Asghar Asgari

Graphene is an outstanding photoconductive material for photodetection because of its wide range absorption spectrum and ultrafast response. It is well understood that by adding metal nanoparticle clusters on graphene layer enhances the absorption, also makes possible to focus on a particular region of the optical spectra via subwavelength plasmonic resonances between nanocluster and graphene substrate.

In this article, we have designed an improved structure for gold nonamer nanodisk arrays on graphene as a photodetector to enhance the light absorption for optical communication spectrum. Effects of different structural parameters on absorption spectrum have been investigated, numerically. We have shown that light absorption in graphene-based detectors can be manipulated by tuning cluster size, thickness, inter disks gap distance, graphene position, and the number of graphene layers. By changing the radius of central and peripheral disks, we have shown that the Au nonamer on top of graphene is able to support strong sub- and superradiant plasmon resonances because of its unique geometrical features and a second absorption peak is generated. This additionally generated absorption peak is more suitable for application in 1550

May 2018
Editorial Board
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 29

May 2018
Gold nanoparticle plasmon resonance in near-field coupled Au NPs layer/Al film nanostructure: Dependence on metal film thickness
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 29 Author(s): Oleg A. Yeshchenko, Viktor V. Kozachenko, Antonina P. Naumenko, Nataliya I. Berezovska, Nataliya V. Kutsevol, Vasyl A. Chumachenko, Michael Haftel, Anatoliy O. Pinchuk

We study the effects of coupling between plasmonic metal nanoparticles and a thin metal film by using light extinction spectroscopy. A planar monolayer of gold nanoparticles located near an aluminum thin film (thicknesses within the range of 0–62

May 2018
Brillouin gain enhancement in nano-scale photonic waveguide
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 29 Author(s): Soodabeh Nouri Jouybari

The enhancement of stimulated Brillouin scattering in nano-scale waveguides has a great contribution in the improvement of the photonic devices technology. The key factors in Brillouin gain are the electrostriction force and radiation pressure generated by optical waves in the waveguide. In this article, we have proposed a new scheme of nano-scale waveguide in which the Brillouin gain is considerably improved compared to the previously-reported schemes. The role of radiation pressure in the Brillouin gain was much higher than the role of the electrostriction force. The Brillouin gain strongly depends on the structural parameters of the waveguide and the maximum value of 12127

May 2018
Design and implementation of optical switches based on nonlinear plasmonic ring resonators: Circular, square and octagon
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 29 Author(s): Majid Ghadrdan, Mohammad Ali Mansouri-Birjandi

In this paper, all-optical plasmonic switches (AOPS) based on various configurations of circular, square and octagon nonlinear plasmonic ring resonators (NPRR) were proposed and numerically investigated. Each of these configurations consisted of two metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides coupled to each other by a ring resonator (RR). Nonlinear Kerr effect was used to show switching performance of the proposed NPRR. The result showed that the octagon switch structure had lower threshold power and higher transmission ratio than square and circular switch structures. The octagon switch structure had a low threshold power equal to 7.77

May 2018
Non-iridescent structural colors from uniform-sized SiO2 colloids
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 29 Author(s): G

May 2018
Optimal configuration of partial Mueller matrix polarimeter for measuring the ellipsometric parameters in the presence of Poisson shot noise and Gaussian noise
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 29 Author(s): Naicheng Quan, Chunmin Zhang, Tingkui Mu

We address the optimal configuration of a partial Mueller matrix polarimeter used to determine the ellipsometric parameters in the presence of additive Gaussian noise and signal-dependent shot noise. The numerical results show that, for the PSG/PSA consisting of a variable retarder and a fixed polarizer, the detection process immune to these two types of noise can be optimally composed by 121.2° retardation with a pair of azimuths ±71.34° and a 144.48° retardation with a pair of azimuths ±31.56° for four Mueller matrix elements measurement. Compared with the existing configurations, the configuration presented in this paper can effectively decrease the measurement variance and thus statistically improve the measurement precision of the ellipsometric parameters.

May 2018
Photoluminescence of magnesium-associated color centers in LiF crystals implanted with magnesium ions
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 29 Author(s): S.A. Nebogin, N.A. Ivanov, L.I. Bryukvina, N. V.Shipitsin, A. E.Rzhechitskii, V.L. Papernyi

In the present paper, the effect of magnesium nanoparticles implanted in a LiF crystal on the optical properties of color centers is studied. The transmittance spectra and AFM images demonstrate effective formation of the color centers and magnesium nanoparticles in an implanted layer of

February 2018
Hanging colloidal drop: A new photonic crystal synthesis route
Publication date: May 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 29 Author(s): Ion Sandu, Marius Dumitru, Claudiu Teodor Fleaca, Florian Dumitrache

High-quality photonic crystals (hundreds of micrometres in thickness) were grown by the free evaporation of a colloidal drop consisting of silica and polystyrene nanospheres with dimensions of 300

February 2018
Editorial Board
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28

February 2018
Tunable wavelength demultiplexer using modified graphene plasmonic split ring resonators for terahertz communication
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Neetu Joshi, Nagendra P. Pathak

This paper presents graphene modified ring resonator based wavelength demultiplexer (WDM) for THz device applications that is, a surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) demultiplexer consisting of two nanostrip waveguides at input as well as output coupled to each other by a split ring resonator (SRR), which is modified in shape as compared to a simple ring-shaped resonator. A systematic analysis of the transmission spectra for the graphene based SRR poses clear insight on the demultiplexing phenomenon of the proposed nanodevice. The results show resonance peaks in the transmission spectrum, having a linear relationship with the chemical potential of graphene. The influence of structural parameters have also been analyzed. The tuning capability of graphene based tunable WDM, lays its foundation in the applications of optical switches, modulators, etc.

February 2018
Single-polarization operation in suspended-core microstructured fibers
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Yuan-Feng Zhu, Depeng Kong, Zhi-Qing Ye, Chun-Fang Rao, Hua Zhong

We present the design and investigation of a single-polarization suspended-core fiber with an elliptical core consisting of crossed rectangular-shaped dielectric strips. By optimizing the fiber configuration parameters, single-polarization single-mode transmission with a bandwidth of 400nm can be obtained. Also, the power fraction in air of the x-polarization fundamental mode is relatively high, which facilitates its applications in high precision sensors.

February 2018
Properties of magnetic photonic crystals in the visible spectral region and their performance limitations
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): V.A. Kotov, V.G. Shavrov, M. Vasiliev, K. Alameh, M. Nur-E-Alam, D.E. Balabanov

We report on the results of computer modelling and performance analysis of the optical and magneto-optical (MO) characteristics of one-dimensional magnetic photonic crystals (MPC) of several classic design types (having either a single structure defect, or a number of these), designed for applications in the visible spectral region. The calculations are performed accounting for the real levels of optical absorption achievable in existing MO materials which currently demonstrate the best MO quality (bismuth-substituted ferrite garnets). We consider Bi2Dy1Fe4Ga1O12 as the base material for use within quarter-wave thick MO layers of MPC; silica is used for the non-magnetic transparent quarter-wave layers. The achieved results can be used to clarify the nature of the differences that exist between the expected practical potential of MPCs in integrated photonics, and the actual attained experimental results. Our results show that in MPCs optimized for light intensity modulation applications, in the red spectral region (near 650nm), the achievable levels of optical transmission are limited to about 30%. This coincides spectrally with the peaks of Faraday rotation reaching their maxima at about 25°, with further transmission increases possible in the near-infrared region. Larger Faraday rotation angles are only achievable currently in structures or single film layers with reduced transmission.

February 2018
Study of one-dimensional nanolayered graded photonic crystal consisting of birefringent and dielectric materials
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Rajeev Kumar, Dhananjay Kumar, Angad S. Kushwaha, S.K. Srivastava

In the present paper, we have studied a comparison between dielectric-dielectric photonic crystal (PhC) and birefringent-dielectric PhC structure with, and without, gradation in the thickness of the layers of the proposed structure. Graded birefringent-dielectric PhC has a linear change in the thickness of the layers. With the help of the transfer matrix method, the proposed structures have been extensively investigated. It is found that photonic band gap (PBG) width and omnidirectional reflection band width has been widely enhanced, in graded birefringent-dielectric PhC structure as compared to the non-graded birefringent-dielectric PhC structure, for both TE and TM polarizations. We have also found that the gradation in the thickness of the birefringent layer is more effective, as compare the gradation in the thickness of the dielectric layer, for enhancement of reflection band width. The results obtained are quite good and thus, it may be widely used as broad band optical and omnidirectional reflector.

February 2018
Mid-infrared refractive index sensing using optimized slotted photonic crystal waveguides
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Lazhar Kassa-Baghdouche, Eric Cassan

Slotted photonic crystal waveguides (SPCWs) were designed to act as refractive index sensing devices at mid-infrared (IR) wavelengths around

February 2018
Angle-resolved reflection spectroscopy of high-quality PMMA opal crystal
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Ivan V. Nemtsev, Igor A. Tambasov, Alexander A. Ivanenko, Victor Ya. Zyryanov

PMMA opal crystal was prepared by a simple hybrid method, which includes sedimentation, meniscus formation and evaporation. We investigated three surfaces of this crystal by angle-resolved reflective light spectroscopy and SEM study. The angle-resolved reflective measurements were carried out in the 400–1100nm range. We have determined the high-quality ordered surface of the crystal region. Narrow particle size distribution of the surface has been revealed. The average particle diameter obtained with SEM was nearly 361 nm. The most interesting result was that reflectivity of the surface turned out up to 98% at normal light incidence. Using a fit of dependences of the maximum reflectivity wavelength from an angle based on the Bragg–Snell law, the wavelength of maximum 0° reflectivity, the particle diameter and the fill factor have been determined. For the best surface maximum reflectivity wavelength of a 0° angle was estimated to be 869 nm. The particle diameter and fill factor were calculated as 372nm and 0.8715, respectively. The diameter obtained by fitting is in excellent agreement with the particle diameter obtained with SEM. The reflectivity maximum is assumed to increase significantly when increasing the fill factor. We believe that using our simple approach to manufacture PMMA opal crystals will significantly increase the fabrication of high-quality photonic crystal templates and thin films.

February 2018
Tunable Fano resonance and high-sensitivity sensor with high figure of merit in plasmonic coupled cavities
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Yan Deng, Guangtao Cao, Hui Yang

Actively tunable sharp asymmetric line shape and high-sensitivity sensor with high figure of merit (FOM) are analytically and numerically demonstrated in plasmonic coupled cavities. The Fano resonance, originating from the interference between different light pathways, is realized and effectively tuned in on-chip nanostructure composed of metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide and a pair of cavities. To investigate in detail the Fano line shape, the coupled cavities are taken as a composite cavity, and a dynamic theory is proposed, which agrees well with the numerical simulations. Subsequently, the sensing performances of the plasmonic structure is discussed and its detection sensitivity reaches 1.103

February 2018
Vertically emitting silicon disk resonators with periodic shape modulation
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Andrei Tsarev

It is shown by direct numerical modeling, using the 3D FDTD method, that a disk resonator with a sinusoidal modulation of its boundary has not only a modified frequency spectrum, but also a greater proportion of its optical radiation is directed normal to its surface. Simulations are carried out for a set of disk resonators on a typical silicon-on-insulator structure with a 250-nm silicon core and a disk diameter of about 2.6

February 2018
Investigation of single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with graphene-bubble dielectric DBR
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Baolu Guan, Pengtao Li, Shamsul Arafin, Yazeed Alaskar, Kang L. Wang

An inter-cavty contact single mode 850nm VCSEL was fabricated with a graphene assisted self-assembly curved dielectric bubble Bragg mirror for the first time. Taking the advantage of graphene’s uniform low surface energy, the low cost dielectric bubble DBR (Si3N4/SiO2) was deposited on top of the graphene/half-VCSEL structure via van der Waals Force (vdWF) without using any additional spacing elements and sacrificial layer release-etch process. The continuous-wave operating VCSELs with an aperture diameter of 7

Photonic crystal double-coupled cavity waveguides and their application in design of slow-light delay lines
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, Volume 28 Author(s): Mohammad Danaie, Alireza Geravand, Saeed Mohammadi

In this paper the idea of double-coupled cavity waveguides is introduced. The cavities used in this paper support two orthogonal degenerate resonance modes. These cavities are coupled together both horizontally and vertically. The obtained matrix of cavities introduces many interesting properties for design of photonic crystal devices such as phase shifters and gates. As an application, it is shown that the coupled matrix of cavities can be used for design of ultra-compact slow-light photonic crystal optical delay lines. Finite difference time domain method and plane wave expansion method are used to analyze the structures.

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